Periodontitis and Osteoporosis

Periodontitis and osteoporosis are two diseases found in both male and female population worldwide. The main characteristic of the two diseases is their increased intensity with age. Periodontitis is associated with resorption of the alveolar bone. Osteoporosis, as the highest degree of osteopenia, is characterized by bone loss leading to structural bone transformation. The association between periodontitis and loss of the oral bone due to osteoporosis is continually being examined. The aim of the paper is to examine the condition of periodontal tissue in patients suffering from osteoporosis. Fifty patients were examined. The experimental group included 25 patients who were diagnosed with osteoporosis on the basis of the absolute and T-values. Clinical parameters for the evaluation of periodontal condition included plaque index, gingival index, hemorrhage index, periodontal index and tooth loss. The results showed a positive correlation between osteoporosis and tooth loss, while the clinical parameters showed significant differences between patients with osteoporosis and those without it. In conclusion, it can be said that osteoporosis has a significant role in development of periodontitis, as the loss of the oral bone due to osteoporosis can change the process of disease and contribute to a greater tooth loss. In this mutual relationship, some other factors affecting the two diseases should be considered. It is apparent that both diseases should be diagnosed as soon as possible and that it is necessary that a close cooperation between general practitioners and dentists is paramount to prevention and maintenance of optimal health of patients.